Effect Reference

27 video & audio effects. 13 image effects.

Every effect available in Duplyfi, what it does, which part of the file it changes, and the recommended range drawn from the built-in presets. All effects randomize their parameters independently per output file, so every copy comes out uniquely different from the source and from every other copy.

Video pipelineSharp/libvips pipeline (image)

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Color

Video · 6 effects

Saturation

visual signature

Adjusts how vivid the colors in the video appear. A value above 1.0 boosts color intensity; below 1.0 reduces it. Each output file gets a randomly selected value within the configured range.

Why it matters

Shifting saturation changes the relative weight of each color channel across every frame. Because the value is randomized per copy, each output file has a distinct color signature, making it visually unique from the source and from the other copies.

Range:0.92–1.10 (OFM Standard, TikTok presets). Use 0.98–1.03 when output must look nearly identical to the source.

Contrast

visual signature

Adjusts the difference between the darkest and lightest areas of the frame. Higher contrast makes shadows darker and highlights brighter.

Why it matters

Like saturation, contrast changes the brightness distribution across every frame. A randomized per-copy adjustment gives each output file a different tonal balance, adding to its visual uniqueness.

Range:1.01–1.10 (TikTok, YouTube presets). Avoid values above 1.15, which causes visible degradation on dark content.

Brightness

visual signature

Adds or subtracts a fixed offset from every pixel's luminance value. Positive values make the frame brighter; negative values darken it.

Why it matters

Shifts the overall brightness level of every frame. A small randomized offset per copy changes the tonal profile of each output file, contributing to its visual uniqueness.

Range:0.02–0.07 (Instagram OFM). OFM Standard uses Luma Curves instead for per-file tonal adjustment with more precision.

Vignette

visual signaturegeometry

Darkens the frame toward the edges, creating a radial gradient from the center outward. Adds a visual region that was not present in the source.

Why it matters

Adds a new darkening gradient in the frame border region that did not exist in the source. Because this changes the corners and edges of every frame, it gives each output file a distinct visual signature from the original.

Range:0.2–0.4 (Instagram OFM). A value of 0.6 or higher becomes visually noticeable on typical promotional content.

Gamma

visual signature

Applies a non-linear tonal adjustment to the luma channel. Higher values brighten midtones; lower values darken them. Unlike brightness, which is linear, gamma creates a curve in the tonal response.

Why it matters

Non-linear tonal changes reshape midtones differently from a flat brightness shift, so a randomized gamma value gives each copy a distinct tonal curve and adds to its visual uniqueness.

Range:1.05–1.25 (Maximum Variation preset). Not included in OFM Standard by default. Luma Curves handles per-file tonal randomization more precisely.

Luma Curves

visual signature

Applies a custom tone curve to the luma channel of every frame. The curve is randomized per file: the midtone control point shifts by ±4 values (in the 124–132 range), and two additional control points in the shadows and highlights shift independently. The visual difference is less than 2% change in midtone response.

Why it matters

A tone curve reshapes the brightness of every frame. Even a 4-point shift in the midtone curve changes the tonal profile of the whole video, so each copy is measurably different from the source with no visible quality change.

Range:Fixed parameters, randomized per file within defined bounds. Enabled in OFM Standard and TikTok OFM Heavy.

Motion and Geometry

Video · 8 effects

Speed

timingvisual signature

Changes the playback speed of the video. A value of 1.03 means the video plays 3% faster than the source. The audio is pitch-compensated automatically to prevent the chipmunk effect.

Why it matters

A speed change alters the duration, the total frame count, and the timing of every frame relative to the source. A randomized per-copy speed value makes each output file run for a slightly different length with a different frame timing, adding to its uniqueness.

Range:1.01–1.06 (TikTok Native, YouTube Shorts). Imperceptible at 1–3% speed increase. At 6–8%, fast speakers may sound slightly rushed.

Zoom

geometryvisual signature

Crops a center portion of the frame and scales it back up to the original dimensions. A zoom value of 1.05 crops the outer 5% on each side, then upscales the remaining 90% of the frame area. The effective field of view narrows.

Why it matters

Zoom changes what content sits in every pixel position. The value is randomized per file within the configured range, so each copy has a slightly different field of view, a real geometric difference from the source while keeping the subject centered.

Range:1.02–1.07 (OFM Standard, TikTok OFM Heavy). Values above 1.10 are visible as a noticeable crop-in.

Rotation

geometry

Rotates the entire frame by a fixed number of degrees. Small rotation values (1–2 degrees) create a slight tilt. The area outside the rotated frame is filled with black.

Why it matters

Changes the geometric layout of every pixel in the frame. Even a 1-degree rotation moves every pixel position, making the output measurably different from the source.

Range:1 degree (built-in default). Fixed effect, not a range. Enable when you want a consistent subtle tilt across all copies from this preset.

Flip

geometry

Mirrors the video horizontally, reversing left and right.

Why it matters

Flipping is a structural geometric change that reverses the left-right layout of every frame. On its own it is a mild change, since a mirrored frame can still look similar to the original, it works best as part of a multi-effect combination.

Range:Fixed (enabled/disabled). Not enabled in OFM presets by default. Zoom and perspective provide stronger geometric differentiation.

Dimensions

geometryencoding

Scales the output video to a specified width and height, regardless of the original dimensions. This is a fixed resize; the aspect ratio is not preserved if width and height have a different ratio than the source.

Why it matters

Changing output dimensions affects both the file's byte-level data and the scale of every visual feature in the frame, contributing to each copy's uniqueness.

Range:1080×1920 (default portrait for vertical content). Use when all output files must match a specific dimension requirement.

Random Pixel Size

geometryencoding

Scales the video to a randomly chosen width from a set of standard 9:16 bases (1072, 1076, 1080, 1084, or 1088 pixels wide), then calculates the matching height. Each output file gets a different resolution from this set.

Why it matters

Varying output dimensions produces different compression artifacts and a different pixel grid for each file. Two files at 1080×1920 and 1084×1928 differ at the pixel level, so each copy comes out unique.

Range:Fixed effect (enabled/disabled). Enabled in Maximum Variation preset.

Cut Start

timing

Trims a percentage of the video from the beginning. A value of 0.05 removes the first 5% of the clip's duration. For a 60-second clip, that's 3 seconds removed from the start.

Why it matters

Trimming the start changes which frame opens the video and shifts the timing of every frame that follows, giving each copy a different starting point and overall duration.

Range:3–7% (OFM Standard). 5–10% (TikTok OFM Heavy) for stronger timing differentiation.

Cut End

timing

Trims a percentage of the video from the end. Works identically to Cut Start but removes frames from the tail. The two values are randomized independently per file.

Why it matters

Changes the closing boundary of the clip. Combined with Cut Start, each output file has both a different opening and closing point. No two copies trim by exactly the same amount.

Range:3–7% (OFM Standard). Up to 12% in TikTok OFM Heavy to maximize variation at the end boundary.

Effects

Video · 5 effects

Noise

visual signaturetiming

Adds a randomized grain pattern to every frame. The grain is generated with a unique random seed per output file, meaning every copy has a genuinely different noise pattern. Three noise modes are applied simultaneously: temporal (varies frame to frame), uniform distribution, and pseudo-random mode.

Why it matters

Unique per-file noise seeds ensure that two copies of the same source have different grain patterns in every frame. Because the grain also varies frame-to-frame within each file, every copy ends up with a genuinely different pixel-level pattern from the source and from the others.

Range:2–5 (light, Instagram OFM) / 4–8 (standard, OFM Standard) / 5–10 (heavy, TikTok OFM Heavy). Higher values introduce visible graininess.

Pixel Shift

visual signaturegeometry

Applies a chroma shift: the blue-difference (Cb) and red-difference (Cr) channels are offset by 1 pixel horizontally and vertically in opposite directions. The luma channel is unaffected.

Why it matters

The slight lateral offset of the color channels creates a subtle chromatic aberration that changes every pixel's color values without affecting the perceived sharpness of the image. This gives each output a different color signature.

Range:Fixed effect (enabled/disabled). Enabled in Maximum Variation preset.

Waveform Shift

audio profile

Delays the audio track by a fixed millisecond value (the configured value × 10ms). Both audio channels receive the same delay, keeping them in sync with each other.

Why it matters

Changes the time position of the audio track relative to the video. On its own this is a mild change, since it only shifts the whole track in time. It is most useful as a supplemental effect alongside Spectral Tilt, which alters the audio profile more substantially.

Range:3–8 (30–80ms delay, YouTube Shorts). Not included in OFM Standard or TikTok OFM Heavy. Those presets use Spectral Tilt and Pitch for audio differentiation.

Blurred Border

geometryvisual signature

Creates a composite frame using a blurred, zoomed version of the video as the background and the original video (slightly shrunk) as the foreground. The border area of the output frame contains a blurred version of the video content rather than black bars or empty space.

Why it matters

Adds new visual content in the border region that was not present in the source. Because the perimeter of every frame now contains a distinct blurred background, each output looks meaningfully different from the original across the whole frame.

Range:20–30px (TikTok OFM Heavy). The border size is randomized per file. Uses a more involved processing pipeline and takes slightly longer to process than simple video filters.

Perspective Warp

geometry

Applies a subtle projective transform to the entire frame. Each of the four corners of the frame is shifted by a random small percentage of the frame dimension (0–1.5% for corner positions). At these levels, the effect is equivalent to watching the video on a very slightly non-rectangular screen, invisible to human viewers.

Why it matters

Projective transforms change the geometric layout of every pixel in the frame. Even a 1% corner shift means the pixel at position (100, 100) in the source lands at a slightly different position in the output. This is a genuine geometric change that color and brightness adjustments cannot replicate, so it adds a strong, independent layer of per-copy uniqueness.

Range:Fixed parameters, randomized per file. All four corners shift independently within bounds (0–1.5% for top-left and bottom-right, 0–1.0% for top-right and bottom-left). Enabled in TikTok OFM Heavy and Maximum Variation presets.

Audio

Video · 5 effects

Volume

audio profile

Adjusts the overall audio level of the output. A value of 1.3 increases the volume to 130% of the original. Randomized per file within the configured range.

Why it matters

Adjusting volume changes the overall amplitude of the audio signal. A randomized per-copy level gives each output file a different audio profile, contributing to its uniqueness.

Range:1.1–1.5 (Maximum Variation preset). Not included in OFM Standard. Spectral Tilt and Pitch handle audio differentiation in that preset.

Pitch

audio profile

Shifts the audio pitch up or down by the configured number of semitones. The time-stretching compensation chain keeps playback speed unchanged. A value of +1 raises pitch by one semitone; -1 lowers it by one semitone.

Why it matters

Pitch shifting changes the frequency of every audio component, giving each copy a subtly different audio profile. On its own it is a mild change, so it is most effective combined with Spectral Tilt and Reverb.

Range:-1 to +1 semitones (OFM Standard, TikTok OFM Heavy). Subtle. Typical listeners will not notice a ±1 semitone shift in music or speech.

Spectral Tilt

audio profile

Applies two parametric equalizer bands per file, each with randomized gain values. The first boosts high-frequency energy around 8kHz by +1.5 to +4.5 dB. The second cuts low-frequency energy around 150Hz by -0.5 to -3.0 dB. Both values are randomized independently per file.

Why it matters

Redistributing energy across the spectrum (boosting high bands, cutting low bands) reshapes the frequency balance of the audio. With randomized gain values per file, each copy ends up with a measurably different audio profile from the source and from the others.

Range:Fixed parameters, per-file randomized gain values. Enabled in OFM Standard and TikTok OFM Heavy. The primary audio uniquification effect.

Reverb

audio profile

Applies an echo effect with a randomized delay time and moderate decay. Implemented as a single-tap echo with input gain 0.8 and mixing gain 0.88. Delay values: 60–100ms. Decay values: 0.4–0.6 based on delay.

Why it matters

Reverb adds a short decaying reflection after each audio event, changing the time-domain shape of the audio. Combined with Spectral Tilt, it differentiates the audio profile across both frequency and time, adding to each copy's uniqueness.

Range:60–100ms delay (TikTok OFM Heavy). Subtle on spoken content at these values but a meaningful change to the audio profile. Avoid values above 120ms; the echo becomes audible to listeners.

Audio Bitrate

encodingaudio profile

Sets the output audio encoding bitrate. A value of 192 kbps produces higher-quality audio than 128 kbps but a larger file. Randomized within the configured range per file.

Why it matters

Different bitrates produce different compression artifacts in the audio stream, changing the byte-level data of the audio. Not a primary uniquification effect, but it contributes to file-level differentiation.

Range:128–320 kbps (base defaults). 160–280 kbps range in Maximum Variation preset.

Encoding

Video · 3 effects

Framerate

timingencoding

Sets the output framerate. A value of 60 outputs at 60 frames per second regardless of the source framerate.

Why it matters

Changing the framerate changes the number of frames in the output file, the timing of each frame, and the file's byte-level data, differentiating each copy at the container and timing level.

Range:55–75 fps (Maximum Variation preset). Not enabled in OFM-specific presets by default to avoid format compatibility issues on some platforms.

Video Bitrate

encoding

Sets the output video encoding bitrate in kilobits per second. Higher values produce larger files with less compression artifacting. Randomized per file within the configured range.

Why it matters

Different bitrates produce different compression patterns in the encoded stream, differentiating each copy at the codec output level.

Range:5000–8000 kbps (Maximum Variation preset). Most OFM presets use variable bitrate (not fixed) to preserve quality-to-size ratio.

US Metadata

metadata

Injects a complete set of US device metadata into every output file. Randomly selects: a US city from a pool of 50 major cities, GPS coordinates with ~1km jitter, a device model (iPhone 13–16, Samsung Galaxy A-series, or Google Pixel 7–8), iOS or Android software version, a recent creation timestamp (random time within the past 14 days), timezone, and ISO 6709 location string.

Why it matters

Every file carries container metadata describing the device, location, and capture time. Randomized per-file metadata means each output file carries a distinct, self-consistent set of device details instead of repeating the source file's metadata.

Range:Enabled in all OFM presets.

Image Effects (Sharp pipeline)

Image · 13 effects

The image pipeline is separate from the video pipeline and uses Sharp (libvips). Effects are applied in a fixed order: crop, zoom, rotation, flip, pixel shift, color adjustments, noise, vignette, blurred border, format conversion, file size reduction. All effects randomize per file.

Saturation

visual signature

Adjusts color saturation for still images using Sharp's modulate function. Values above 1.0 increase color intensity; below 1.0 reduce it.

Why it matters

Changes the color channel balance in the image, giving each output a distinct color signature from the source.

Range:0.9–1.1 (default config).

Contrast

visual signature

Adjusts image contrast using a linear multiplier applied to pixel values with an offset to keep the midpoint centered. Uses Sharp's linear function.

Why it matters

Changes the brightness distribution across the image, contributing to each output's visual uniqueness.

Range:0.95–1.05 (default config).

Brightness

visual signature

Adjusts the overall brightness of the image by modifying the luminosity multiplier in Sharp's modulate function.

Why it matters

Shifts the overall brightness level across all pixels, contributing to each output's visual uniqueness.

Range:-0.05 to +0.05 (default config).

Gamma

visual signature

Applies a gamma correction curve to the image using Sharp's gamma function. Values above 1.0 brighten midtones; below 1.0 darken them.

Why it matters

Non-linear tonal adjustment reshapes midtones more than a flat brightness change, giving each output a more distinct tonal curve.

Range:0.9–1.1 (default config).

Vignette

geometryvisual signature

Applies a radial darkening gradient toward the image edges by compositing an SVG-generated radial mask using the multiply blend mode.

Why it matters

Adds a new darkening gradient in the border region of the image that did not exist in the source, changing the corners and edges and adding to the output's visual uniqueness.

Range:0.3–0.5 (default config).

Zoom

geometryvisual signature

Crops the center of the image to a smaller region and scales back to the original dimensions, simulating a zoom-in. Uses Sharp's extract followed by resize.

Why it matters

Changes the framing and effectively moves every pixel position in the output relative to the source. A strong geometric differentiator.

Range:1.0–1.05 (default config).

Rotation

geometry

Rotates the image by the specified number of degrees. The area outside the rotated content has a transparent or black background depending on format.

Why it matters

Changes the geometric orientation of all content, making the output measurably different from the source.

Range:-1 to +1 degrees (default config).

Flip

geometry

Mirrors the image horizontally, vertically, or both. Uses Sharp's flop (horizontal) and flip (vertical) functions.

Why it matters

Structural geometric change that affects all pixel positions. Most effective as part of a multi-effect combination.

Range:Horizontal mode (default). Mode is configurable per preset.

Crop Image

geometry

Crops a percentage of the image from all four sides simultaneously, removing the specified fraction from each edge. For example, a value of 3 removes 3% from the left, right, top, and bottom.

Why it matters

Removes the border region of the image entirely, changing the composition and what appears at every pixel position in the output.

Range:1–5% (default config).

Pixel Shift

geometry

Shifts the image content diagonally by offsetting the canvas and re-cropping to the original dimensions. The shift amount is the same in both X and Y directions.

Why it matters

Changes every pixel's position in the output, making it geometrically different from the source.

Range:1–3 pixels (default config).

Noise

visual signature

Adds randomly generated grain to every pixel in the image. The noise value is the maximum amplitude of the per-pixel random offset; each pixel can shift by up to this many luminance units. Applied per-channel directly to the raw pixel buffer.

Why it matters

Random noise with a unique per-run distribution produces files that look very similar but carry different pixel-level values, making each output unique.

Range:1–5 luminance units (default config).

Blurred Border

geometryvisual signature

Creates a composite image where the background is a blurred, upscaled version of the source image, and the foreground is the original image centered on that background. The border area shows a blurred version of the content.

Why it matters

Adds new visual content in the border region of the output image. A strong geometric differentiator because the perimeter of the image is entirely different from the source.

Range:5–15px border (default config).

Reduce File Size

encoding

Controls the output quality (and therefore file size) of the encoded image. For JPEG: sets the quality parameter (0–100). For PNG: sets the compression level. For WebP: sets the quality parameter. Higher values produce larger, higher-quality files.

Why it matters

Different compression quality levels produce different encoding artifacts at the pixel level, differentiating each file at the byte level and adding a small amount of visual variation.

Range:70–90 (default config). Most platforms re-encode uploaded images anyway; values below 70 may introduce visible compression artifacts before the platform re-encodes.

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